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Phi Beta Kappa, the first American college
fraternity, was organized on the campus of the
College of William and Mary in 1776. Men and women
are members of this college honorary scholarship
society. Greek-lettered fraternities and sororities have
played a major role in American college life since 1776.
Black college fraternities and sororities did not
emerge until the early 1900's. Unlike their white
counterparts, the black groups have remained very active
at the graduate level. Since their founding, these
groups have played a major role in the cultural, social
and civic life of their communities.
The member organizations of the National Pan-Hellenic
Council are:
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Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Howard
University, 1908
Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Howard
University, 1913
Zeta Phi Beta Sorority, Howard University,
1920
Sigma Gamma Rho Sorority, Butler University,
1922
Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Cornell
University, 1906
Kappa Alpha Psi Fraternity, Indiana
University, 1911
Omega Psi Phi Fraternity, Howard University,
1911
Phi Beta Sigma Fraternity, Howard University,
1914
Iota Phi Theta Fraternity, Morgan State
University, 1963
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THE BIRTH OF OMEGA
On Friday evening, November 17, 1911, three
Howard University undergraduate students, with the
assistance of their faculty adviser, gave birth to the
Omega Psi Phi Fraternity. This event occurred in
the office of biology Professor Ernest E. Just,
the faculty adviser, in the Science Hall (now known as
Thirkield Hall). The three liberal arts students
were Edgar A. Love, Oscar J. Cooper and Frank Coleman.
From the initials of the Greek phrase meaning
"friendship is essential to the soul," the name Omega
Psi Phi was derived. The phrase was selected as the
motto. Manhood, scholarship, perseverance and uplift
were adopted as cardinal principles. A decision was made
regarding the design for the pin and emblem, and thus
ended the first meeting of the Omega Psi Phi
Fraternity .
The next meeting was conducted on November 23, 1911.
Edgar Love became the first Grand Basileus (National
President). Cooper and Coleman were selected Grandkeeper
of the Records (National Secretary) and Grandkeeper of
Seals (National Treasurer), respectively. Eleven Howard
University undergraduate men were selected as charter
members.
Alpha Chapter was organized with fourteen charter
members on December 15, 1911. Love, Cooper and
Coleman were elected the chapter's first Basileus,
Keeper of Records, and Keeper of Seals, respectively. On
March 8, 1912, the previously submitted fraternity
constitution was rejected by the Howard University
Faculty Council. The Faculty Council proposed to accept
the fraternity as a local but not a national
organization. The fraternity refused acceptance
as a strictly local organization.
Oscar Cooper became the fraternity's second Grand
Basileus in 1912. Cooper authorized the
investigation of a proposed second chapter at Lincoln
University, Pennsylvania. Edgar Love was
elected as the third Grand Basileus in 1912 and served
until 1915. In 1914, Howard University withdrew
its opposition, and the Omega Psi Phi Fraternity
was incorporated under the laws of the District of
Columbia on October 28, 1914. Beta Chapter at
Lincoln University was chartered in February, 1914.
George E. Hall, the fourth Grand Basileus, had been
initiated at Alpha Chapter in 1914. Grand Basileus Hall
authorized the establishment of Gamma Chapter in
Boston, Massachusetts. However, the chapter was
eventually established during the administration of the
fifth Grand Basileus, James C. McMorries. During the
administration of the sixth Grand Basileus, Clarence F.
Holmes, the fraternity's first official hymn, "Omega Men
Draw Nigh", was written by Otto Bohannon. Raymond G.
Robinson, the seventh Grand Basileus, established
Delta Chapter in Nashville, Tennessee in 1919.
Robinson left office in 1920 with a total of ten
chapters in operation. Stanley Douglas served as Editor
of the first Oracle published in the spring of
1919. Harold K. Thomas, the eighth Grand Basileus, was
elected at the 1920 Nashville Grand Conclave. It was at
this Conclave that Carter G. Woodson inspired the
establishment of National Achievement Week to promote
the study of Negro life and history. The 1921 Atlanta
Grand Conclave brought to an end the first decade of the
Omega Psi Phi Fraternity.
INTERNAL GROWTH
In 1922, Grand Basileus J. Alston Atkins
appointed the first District Representatives. Today,
there are eleven such officers who are elected annually
by the district conferences/meetings. In 1922, the
office of Vice Grand Basileus was created. The Grand
Keeper of Records became the Grand Keeper of the Records
and Seal. The first Omega Bulletin was published in
1928. Campbell C. Johnson was the Editor. "Omega Dear"
was adopted as the official hymn in 1931. Two faculty
from Howard University, Charles R. Drew,
Professor of Surgery, and Mercer Cook, Professor of
Languages, were the composers. Cook wrote the music and
first stanza; Drew wrote the last two stanzas.
THE FORTIES
The Omega "Sweetheart Song", with words and music by Don
Q. Pullen, was adopted as the official sweetheart song
by the 1940 Nashville Grand Conclave. Founder Ernest E.
Just entered Omega Chapter in 1941. In 1941, Dr. Charles
Drew perfected the use of blood plasma as a life saving
tool. William Hastie resigned as Civilian Aide to the
Secretary of War in protest against discrimination in
the Armed Forces. He was later appointed Governor of the
Virgin Islands by President Truman. In 1949, the first
National Headquarters Building at 107 Rhode Island
Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. was purchased. H. Carl
Moultrie, I was selected to serve as the first
National Executive Secretary. In 1949, the scholarship
fund was renamed the Charles R. Drew Memorial
Scholarship Fund.
THE FIFTIES
During this era, the thrust was social change. Thousands
of Omega men in every area of the country were actively
involved in the fight to eliminate racial
discrimination. An entire book could be written about
this phase of Omega activities. The 1955 Los Angeles
Grand Conclave initiated a program whereby each graduate
chapter would purchase a Life Membership from the NAACP.
Between 1955 and 1959, chapters contributed nearly
$40,000 to the NAACP. In the fifties, Omega Psi Phi took
an official position against hazing as a fraternity
activity. This anti-hazing position remains in effect
today, and the policy banning hazing has been
strengthened.
THE SIXTIES
The struggle for social justice shifted into high gear.
Brothers were active participants in the "sit-ins" and
other demonstrations designed to call attention to the
plight of black Americans. Undergraduate brothers
especially were involved in the demonstrative aspect of
the civil rights struggle. In 1961, the Washington, D.C.
Grand Conclave did an excellent job of highlighting the
fifty years of accomplishments by Omega. Brothers
attended the 1961 Golden Anniversary Conclave in record
numbers. Founders Love, Cooper, and Coleman were
present. Thirteen of twenty-three former Grand Basilei
were in attendance. Young brothers had the
once-in-a-life-time opportunity to mingle with some of
the greatest black men that America had produced. The
Golden Anniversary Conclave authorized $140,000-$150,000
for the construction of a new National Headquarters
Building in Washington, D.C. In 1964, the new National
Headquarters Building was dedicated. The building was a
dream come true and was the first building of its type
to be built by a black fraternity. Founders Love, Cooper
and Coleman participated in the ceremonies. The name was
later changed to the International Headquarters. It is
located at 2714 Georgia Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C.
20001. Robert H. Lawrence (in 1966) was selected as the
first Black to serve in the Astronaut Program. Lawrence
had earned a Ph.D. Degree in chemistry at Ohio State
University. Founder Frank Coleman entered Omega Chapter
in 1967. The 1968 Charlotte Grand Conclave mandated a
Constitutional Convention for the revision of the
Constitution and By-Laws as well as the Ritual. The
Convention was held in Atlanta in 1969.
THE SEVENTIES
The newly revised Constitution and By-Laws and the
Ritual became effective at the close of the 1970
Pittsburgh Grand Conclave. H. Carl Moultrie I, Omega's
only National Executive Secretary to this point, was
appointed as a judge to the Superior Court of
Washington, D.C., in 1972. Moultrie's resignation was
accepted with regrets. Omega conferred upon Moultrie the
title of National Executive Secretary Emeritus which was
later changed to Executive Secretary Emeritus. The
Seventies brought more unpleasant news. Founder Oscar J.
Cooper entered Omega Chapter in 1972. In 1974, Edgar A.
Love, the only surviving founder, entered Omega Chapter.
On November 16, 1975, an impressive granite monument was
dedicated to the memory of the four founders. The
monument is just a few feet away from Thirkield Hall,
the site of Omega's birth place on the Howard University
Campus. A revived Life Membership Program resulted in a
very large number of new Life Members. The 1976 Atlanta
Grand Conclave was the largest in the history of the
fraternity up to that point in time. Many new
undergraduate chapters were chartered, because of the
increased enrollment of black students at previously
all-white colleges and universities. "Operation Big
Vote" was successful in getting thousands of black
people to vote in the 1976 election. Many Omegas were
active participants. The 1979 Denver Grand Conclave made
a commitment to contribute a minimum of 250,000 dollars
to the United Negro College Fund over the next five
years.
THE EIGHTIES AND NINETIES
In 1981, the Omega Psi Phi Fraternity endowed its first
Omega Faculty Chair. Rust College, Holly Springs,
Mississippi, was the recipient. President W.A. McMillan
stated that the Chair would be used to promote the
humanities. The fraternity completed its 250,000 dollars
contribution to the United Negro College Fund, an
organization under the direction of Christopher Edley,
and approved a plan to continue the annual gift of
50,000 dollars to that organization in perpetuity. The
fraternity accelerated its financial support to the
National Urban League. Mr. John Jacobs, Executive
Director of the Urban League, participated in Grand
Conclaves on a regular basis. Jesse Jackson, former
president of Operation PUSH and founder of the Rainbow
Coalition, attended Grand Conclaves on a regular basis
and received support for these organizations as well as
for his 1984 and 1988 campaigns for the presidency of
the United States.
The Seventy-fifth Anniversary Grand Conclave celebration
was deemed the single most significant event on Omega's
horizon. The dates selected were July 25-August 1, 1986
in Washington, D.C., the city of Omega's birth. It was
the largest Conclave ever. Grand Basileus Moses C.
Norman, Sr., elected at the 1984 Louisville Grand
Conclave, appointed a committee to review the structure
and operations of the fraternity as a means of future
focus. In 1984, John S. Epps was selected as only the
fifth Omega Man to wear the title of Executive
Secretary. In 1990, the title was changed to Executive
Director. Two revised methods of bringing members into
the fraternity were approved by the organization.
Pledging was abolished and the new Membership Selection
and Education Program came into being on August 1, 1985.
In April, 1991, the new Membership Intake Program was
implemented. Initial plans were begun for the writing of
an updated history of the Omega Psi Phi Fraternity, Inc.
H. Carl Moultrie, I, Executive Secretary Emeritus and
Ronald E. McNair, noted Astronaut, entered Omega
Chapter. Don Q. Pullen and W. Mercer Cook also entered
Omega Chapter.
Omega continued to flourish,
largely because Founders Love, Cooper, Coleman and Just
were men of the very highest ideals and intellect. The
Founders selected and attracted men of similar ideals
and characteristics. It is not by accident that many of
America's great black men are/were Omega Men. To this
date, there are very few Americans whose lives have not
been touched by a member of the Omega Psi Phi
Fraternity.
Omega has a rich heritage to be protected,
celebrated and enhanced!
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